To illustrate the potential impact of tax administration reforms, this policy note focuses on the case study of the Kampala Capital City Authority (KCCA). Until 2011, there were significant impediments to administration of municipal revenues in Kampala, including unreliable manual databases, poor technologies, unclear procedures, a narrow tax base and poor collection procedures. This resulted in extremely low revenue collections and poor tax morale. Like most local authorities, the KCCA faces a number of constraints in undertaking large-scale legislative reform to support its effort in raising more own-source revenue, since much of the reform has to be managed at a national level and can be a long and cumbersome process. Therefore, the KCCA, from its inception, decided to start by focusing on the areas that it could influence and that could bring short term results. Through such reforms, the KCCA managed to increase its own-source revenue by more than 100% in four years. These reforms, centred around the four main areas of effective tax administration (Bird 2010, Freire and Garzon 2014): 1. Better identification of taxpayers; 2. Transparent process in assessing their liabilities; 3. Effective billing and collection; 4. Facilitating and monitoring compliance as well as dealing with non-compliance.